Heart Rhythm
Volume 7, Issue 4 , Pages 520-528 , April 2010

n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids alter expression of fibrotic and hypertrophic genes in a dog model of atrial cardiomyopathy

  • Andrew Ramadeen, BSc

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Cardiovascular Sciences Collaborative Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Gabriel Laurent, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, University Hospital BOCAGE, Dijon, France
  • ,
  • Claudia C. dos Santos, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Xudong Hu, MD

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Kim A. Connelly, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Department of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  • ,
  • Bruce J. Holub, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Iqwal Mangat, MD, FHRS

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
  • ,
  • Paul Dorian, MD, MSc, FHRS

      Affiliations

    • Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Cardiovascular Sciences Collaborative Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Paul Dorian, St. Michael's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, 30 Bond Street, 6-050Q, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada

Received 14 September 2009 ,Accepted 15 December 2009.

References 

  1. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA. 2001;285:2370–2375
  2. Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2006;114:e257–e354
  3. Dorian P, Singh BN. Upstream therapies to prevent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2008;10:H11–H31
  4. Laurent G, Moe G, Hu X, et al. Experimental studies of atrial fibrillation: a comparison of two pacing models. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008;294:H1206–H1215
  5. Laurent G, Moe GW, Hu X, et al. Simultaneous right atrioventricular pacing: a novel model to study atrial remodeling and fibrillation in the setting of heart failure. J Card Fail. 2008;14:254–262
  6. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acidsvitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto miocardico). Lancet. 1999;354:447–455
  7. Gissi-HF I, Tavazzi L, Maggioni AP, Marchioli R, et al. Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with chronic heart failure (the GISSI-HF trial): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:1223–1230
  8. Billman GE, Hallaq H, Leaf A. Prevention of ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillation by omega 3 fatty acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91:4427–4430
  9. Pischon T, Hankinson SE, Hotamisligil GS, Rifai N, Willett WC, Rimm EB. Habitual dietary intake of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in relation to inflammatory markers among US men and women. Circulation. 2003;108:155–160
  10. Geleijnse JM, Giltay EJ, Grobbee DE, Donders AR, Kok FJ. Blood pressure response to fish oil supplementation: metaregression analysis of randomized trials. J Hypertens. 2002;20:1493–1499
  11. Balk EM, Lichtenstein AH, Chung M, Kupelnick B, Chew P, Lau J. Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on serum markers of cardiovascular disease risk: a systematic review. Atherosclerosis. 2006;189:19–30
  12. Laurent G, Moe G, Hu X, et al. Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce atrial vulnerability in a novel canine pacing model. Cardiovasc Res. 2008;77:89–97
  13. Bligh EG, Dyer WJ. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol. 1959;37:911–917
  14. Barth AS, Merk S, Arnoldi E, et al. Reprogramming of the human atrial transcriptome in permanent atrial fibrillation: expression of a ventricular-like genomic signature. Circ Res. 2005;96:1022–1029
  15. Rogojina AT, Orr WE, Song BK, Geisert EE. Comparing the use of Affymetrix to spotted oligonucleotide microarrays using two retinal pigment epithelium cell lines. Mol Vis. 2003;9:482–496
  16. Sarrazin JF, Comeau G, Daleau P, et al. Reduced incidence of vagally induced atrial fibrillation and expression levels of connexins by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in dogs. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:1505–1512
  17. Cardin S, Libby E, Pelletier P, et al. Contrasting gene expression profiles in two canine models of atrial fibrillation. Circ Res. 2007;100:425–433
  18. Sakabe M, Shiroshita-Takeshita A, Maguy A, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent atrial fibrillation associated with heart failure but not atrial tachycardia remodeling. Circulation. 2007;116:2101–2109
  19. Janicki JS, Brower GL, Gardner JD, et al. Cardiac mast cell regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-related ventricular remodeling in chronic pressure or volume overload. Cardiovasc Res. 2006;69:657–665
  20. Shi Y, Li D, Tardif JC, Nattel S. Enalapril effects on atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation in experimental congestive heart failure. Cardiovasc Res. 2002;54:456–461
  21. Nakashima H, Kumagai K. Reverse-remodeling effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker in a canine atrial fibrillation model. Circ J. 2007;71:1977–1982
  22. Moe GW, Laurent G, Doumanovskaia L, Konig A, Hu X, Dorian P. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition attenuates atrial remodeling and vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in a canine model of heart failure. J Card Fail. 2008;14:768–776
  23. Pedersen OD, Bagger H, Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C. Trandolapril reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation. 1999;100:376–380
  24. Vermes E, Tardif JC, Bourassa MG, et al. Enalapril decreases the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction: insight from the Studies Of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) trials. Circulation. 2003;107:2926–2931
  25. Ducharme A, Swedberg K, Pfeffer MA, et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation in patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure by candesartan in the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. Am Heart J. 2006;152:86–92
  26. Duda MK, O'Sshea KM, Tintinu A, et al. Fish oil, but not flaxseed oil, decreases inflammation and prevents pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res. 2009;81:319–327
  27. Garman JH, Mulroney SE, Manigrasso M, Flynn E, Maric C. Omega-3 fatty acid rich diet prevents diabetic renal disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009;296:F306–F316
  28. Kang JX, Leaf A. Effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on the contraction of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994;91:9886–9890
  29. Jenkins DJ, Josse AR, Beyene J, et al. Fish-oil supplementation in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: a meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2008;178:157–164
  30. Mozaffarian D, Geelen A, Brouwer IA, Geleijnse JM, Zock PL, Katan MB. Effect of fish oil on heart rate in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Circulation. 2005;112:1945–1952
  31. Hooper L, Thompson RL, Harrison RA, et al. Risks and benefits of omega 3 fats for mortality, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: systematic review. BMJ. 2006;332:752–760
  32. Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF, et al. Effects of changes in fat, fish, and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART). Lancet. 1989;2:757–761
  33. Yokoyama M, Origasa H, Matsuzaki M, et al. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): a randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet. 2007;369:1090–1098
  34. Burr ML, Ashfield-Watt PA, Dunstan FD, et al. Lack of benefit of dietary advice to men with angina: results of a controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57:193–200
  35. Mozaffarian D, Psaty BM, Rimm EB, et al. Fish intake and risk of incident atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2004;110:368–373

 This work was supported by The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, St. Michael's Hospital; the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute; a Tailored Advance Collaborative Training in Cardiovascular Sciences (TACTICS) scholarship (Canada) to Dr. Connelly; and a National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Neil Hamilton Fairley scholarship (440712) to Dr. Connelly.

PII: S1547-5271(09)01417-9

doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.12.016

Heart Rhythm
Volume 7, Issue 4 , Pages 520-528 , April 2010