Heart Rhythm
Volume 7, Issue 5 , Pages 577-583, May 2010

Verapamil eliminates the hierarchical nature of activation frequencies from the pulmonary veins to the atria during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

  • Yasunori Kushiyama, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
    • Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
    • ,
  • Toshiyuki Osaka, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests and correspondence: Dr. Toshiyuki Osaka, Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Oshika1-1-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8527, Japan
    • ,
  • Eriko Yokoyama, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
    • ,
  • Hideyuki Hasebe, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
    • ,
  • Yusuke Kuroda, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
    • ,
  • Kaichiro Kamiya, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
    • ,
  • Itsuo Kodama, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiovascular Research, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

Received 8 November 2009; accepted 5 January 2010. published online 11 January 2010.

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PII: S1547-5271(10)00010-X

doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.01.008

Heart Rhythm
Volume 7, Issue 5 , Pages 577-583, May 2010

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